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American System of
Manufacturing
In 1799, Eli Whitney developed the American system of
manufacturing. He used semi-skilled labor, machine tools, and templates
to build, identical, interchangeable parts, what we would refer today as
standardization.
To eliminate hand tools, and the variations, which they could cause in
manufacturing, Eli Whitney invented new machines. One such took was the
router, which replaced the chisel. By doing this, he eliminated all
skilled operations.
Because Eli Whitneys parts were interchangeable, it created the
possibility to
separate the manufacturing process from the assembling process. The
assembling
of products could now be performed by semi-skilled labors on what would
be known as the assembly line. This separation of the two processes
became know as a division of labor.
Henry Ford took Eli Whitneys process one-step further, as being the
first to fully
utilize the assembly line in the manufacturing of his automobiles. Ford
also knew
how to sale his product, by 1924 ten million Model-T automobiles had
been sold.
He once was quoted as saying; you can get his car in any color as long
as it was
black.
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